The faerie queene book 1 summary

The faerie queene book 1 summary. Una decides to bring him to the House of Holiness. Discover an epic tale of virtue, myth, and magic. When he bends down to unlace her helmet so he can deliver the killing blow, he is overwhelmed by her beauty. The knight jousts with Guyon, knocking him from his horse. An epic poem is “a long narrative Jul 20, 2019 · “The Faerie Queene” এর প্রকাশকাল হল ১৫৯০ খ্রিষ্টাব্দ । বইটি তিনটি পর্বে Sep 25, 2018 · The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser | Book-1, Canto-1 | বাংলা লেকচার | Bengali LecturePart-1: https://www. Book 1. The which to heare, vouchsafe, O dearest dred a-while. Each Book concerns the story of a knight, representing a particular Christian virtue, as he or she would convey at the court of the Faerie Queene. After his murdrous spoiles and bloudy rage allayd. Unbeknownst to any of the three travelers, the unknown knight is Britomart, a woman on her own quest. To proue his puissance in battell braue. Book 3 is introduced as "Contayning, the Legende of Britomartis, or of Chastity. For Nov. Britomart and Amoretta arrive at a castle and find The Faerie Queene: Book IV: Canto I Summary & Analysis. 11 likes • 9,879 views. 1 Arthur begins seeking the Faerie Queene. The two continue on and find Sansloy (who actually defeated Archimago disguised as Red Cross) and Satyrane battles the knight on Una's behalf. Artegall and Talus encounter a squire standing over the headless body of a lady. Britomart stands around for a bit, then continues on her way. I recommend you first watch my introduction to the whole poem The old man agrees, although he says that Cleopolis, the city of the Faerie Queene, is the nicest non-city-of-God out there. Having rested at the house of Alma after many exhausting adventures, and having sent Acrasia to the court of the Faerie Queene, Arthur and Guyon are now refreshed and ready for more excitement. Meanwhile, Sir Guyon sends Acrasia back in chains to the Faerie Queene and decides to go traveling with Arthur. Redcrosse is relieved to have escaped the fate of those dead men, but as he goes on his way, he remains sad that had to leave Duessa behind and that Una let him down. One day during his travels, Sir Guyon comes across the unusual scene of a woman ( Amavia) covered in blood with a knife in her body and a happy baby playing in the blood near her lap. 2,574 ratings248 reviews. Nov 14, 2019 · The Faerie Queene Literal Level Summary of Book 1 Plot Summary for Book I of Edmund Spenser's Faerie Queene. The story of Book 1 of Spenser's poem, with a few of the metaphors explained. Una and her Knight, however, move into the castle to rest and feast. A nationalistic panegyric that eulogises Queen Elizabeth I, whom Spenser calls 'O Goddesse heauenly bright, / Mirrour of grace and Maiestie diuine, / Great lady of the greatest Isle' and, perhaps more honestly, 'O dearest dred' (I, proem, 4), The Faerie Queene has been described as Though Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene draws influences from a variety of different religious traditions—including the mythology of ancient Greece and Rome—it is also an unapologetic defense of Anglican Protestantism. At the castle, a watchman calls out that the dragon is dead. Turpine is hanged, Talus escapes, and Artegall is forced to wear a The Faerie Queene Summary and Analysis of Book 1 – HOLINESS SUMMARY. The Faerie Queene was written over the course of about a decade by Edmund Spenser. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of The Faerie Queene and what it means. Priamond, Dyamond, and Triamond all fight Cambell for Canacee's hand. Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene is divided into six books, and each book explores a different virtue: holiness, temperance, chastity, friendship, justice, and courtesy. His tutor in justice, Astraea, gives him the iron man Talus as his squire. Disgusted by his lady's unfaithfulness, the knight storms out of the hermitage. After searching around the castle, Prince Arthur and Una at last find a slow-moving old man who has the keys to every door in the castle. In the smoke- and sulfur-filled underworld, where the god Pluto reigns, Night and Duessa continue to ride their chariot with the wounded Sansjoy. Paridell reveals that he's in fact a descendant of Paris, who had a son Book 4, Canto 3. 3 In the Castle of Temperance Arthur reads Britain's history. In Book I, the Redcross Knight, who represents holiness and who serves the Faerie Queene, travels with his lady Una and her dwarf. com/edit?o=U&video_id Book 5, Canto 5 Summary. This book is called "The Second Book of the Faerie Queene contayning The Legend of Sir Guyon, or Of Temperance. The poet continues Cambell and Triamond's story. In Cantos v-viii, the Faerie Queen reinforces Protestant values and shows the trouble that ensues when one fails to The Faerie Queene Book 2: Proem Summary. Many of the book’s themes, like justice or friendship, are not necessarily religious, and others like holiness or The Faerie Queene Book 1, Canto 6 Summary. Stanzas: 1: Redcross knight spends the night anticipating a virtuous battle. 2 The Redcrosse Knight and Una meet Arthur. The old man is Ignaro, and he acted as a kind of foster father to Orgoglio. Analysis. Spenser weaves in Arthur's mythological origin Book 1, Canto 10 Summary. The Faerie Queene is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser. Kaske (Editor), Abraham Stoll (Editor) 3. Book 1, Canto 10. Canto 5. As originally conceived, the poem was to have been a religious-moral-political allegory in 12 books, each consisting of the adventures of a knight representing a particular moral virtue; Book I, for example, recounts the legend of the Red Cross Knight, or Holiness. The book, like the remaining five that come after, is a The Knight has been assigned his first quest by Gloriana, the queen of Faerie, and is supposed to defeat the dragon that has ravaged Una's homeland and kidnapped her parents. The faithfull knight in equall field subdewes his faithlesse foe, Whom false Duessa saves, and for his cure to hell does goe. O helpe thou my weake wit, and sharpen my dull tong. The criminal gets a surprise when he comes into Corceca ’s house and is suddenly pinned by the Lion. We promise. iv. This poem is also an epic, allegorical poem. Summary. Of course, Arthur and Artegall stop to take care of the nuisance (dispense justice). Edmund Spenser’s epic poem The Faerie Queene is a classic of Elizabethan-era literature. The next morning, Una wakes up, still longing to see the Redcross Knight. Education. The narrator’s brief comments emphasize once again how important holiness is to this first book. Book III concerns the virtue of Chastity, embodied in the knight Britomart. He once again asks his Muse for guidance as he continues on this journey. springline's Correct option: A Book 3, Proem and Canto 1. Introduction. He sets forth armed with a solid understanding of justice and a magical sword. SUMMARY. Book 1, Canto 2 Summary. In fact, Chastity is so great that the narrator fears his quill isn’t good enough to write properly about it, but he hopes that his audience, the queen, will see some of herself and her own chastity in the following book. Many people from all ranks of society Guyon is the knight of Temperance, who must destroy the fleshly temptations of Acrasia's Bower of Bliss. Archimago has escaped from his imprisonment in Book 1, intent on revenge upon Redcrosse for his defeat. He published the first three books in 1590, then the next four books (plus revisions to the first three) in 1596. The Lion tears the criminal into a thousand pieces. For her sake many women lost their lovers who sailed over with the Greeks to Troy to fight for Helen's return. She searches for her future husband, Arthegall, whom she saw in a vision through a A horrible dragon attacked the kingdom, however, laying waste to the countryside and forcing the king and queen to flee the castle. Newly knighted and ready to prove his stuff, Redcrosse, the hero of this book, is embarking on his first adventure: to help a princess named Una get rid of a pesky dragon that is totally bothering her parents and kingdom. Guyon, Arthur, and Arthur's squire (Timias) take off in pursuit. Soon, they come to the giant's castle and Arthur takes out a magical horn that once blown, opens every door in the castle. He asks the Muse Clio in particular to help him tell the story better, as well as the gods Cupid and Mars. While there are recurring characters who appear in multiple books, the main character is different for each book and is always a knight who represents the book’s central That greatest Glorious Queene of Faerie lond, To winne him worship, and her grace to haue, Which of all earthly things he most did craue; And euer as he rode, his hart did earne. Arthur talks about how the great wizard Merlin helped tutor him. It's hard being a virtuous man in a tough world. The inside of the bower is as amazing as the gate, with perfect weather and sweet smells everywhere. The evil magician Archimago, his plans to ruin Redcrosse and take Una for himself now foiled, manages to escape from the dungeon in which he was thrown and goes to look for new ways to cause mischief. As the news sounds, the doors of the castle gate, which have long been closed, are finally opened again. Priamond is first to joust. A summary of Book III: Cantos x, xi & xii in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene. Cambell is half of the duo (completed by Triamond) which represents Friendship. Good thing the lovely Una and the brave Arthur are out searching for him. The old King and Queen come down Arthur and Redcross make good companions because they have similar chivalric values. The forest is a comfortable retreat, but the travelers soon lose their way and cannot The new companion is Britomart, famous female knight and owner of a wonderful spear. 4 Arthur defeats Malegar outside the Castle of Temperance. Book 5, Canto 9 Summary. Books I–III were first published in 1590, then republished in 1596 together with books IV–VI. It was originally intended to be twelve books long, with each book detailing a specific Christian virtue in its central character. The old man concludes by saying that Redcrosse is now ready to help Una and become a great hero, but after he does all these things, he should come back here and seek this path to holiness. The narrator says that he can see a safe journey’s end for Una and the Redcross Knight. Una fears the worst, and the dragon assumes him dead. In Sexual Personae (Vintage, 1991), the literary and cultural critic Camille Paglia observes, “One of the cardinal events of The Faerie Queene is rape” (185). ” Rape is normalized and becomes a disturbing symbol for female Gloriana (The Faerie Queene) Although she never appears in the story, the Fairie Queene, whose name is Gloriana, gives the poem its title and motivates much of its action—characters like the Redcross Knight, Sir Guyon, and Calidore … read analysis of Gloriana (The Faerie Queene) . Arthur rides with Una and the dwarf to the castle where Red Cross is held prisoner, and Arthur blows his horn to call out Orgoglio. When Una suddenly sees what she thinks is Spenser 's opening summary of Book 6 is "Contayning the Legend of S. B:) two books. They use Samient as bait to lure Malengin out of his cave. He describes the knight as bearing a red cross on his shield Jun 28, 2020 · An introduction lecture to Book I of Edmund Spenser's allegorical poem The Faerie Queene (1596). You can find the Faerie Queene summary in English and also important qu Jan 18, 2015 · Jan 18, 2015 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. C:) four books. Vpon his foe, and his new force to learne; Vpon his foe, a Dragon horrible and stearne. Book 6 will use the knight Calidore to demonstrate the virtue of courtesy. He has been instructed in the ways of justice by Astraea and has been given a magical sword, Chrysaor (that once belonged to Jove), to aid in his journey. What was Spenser's primary purpose in writing The Faerie Queene? Spenser himself stated that the main goal of his epic was to instruct young men in the ways of virtuous living. Artegall is the perfect champion for this quest since he's been educated from a young age in the ways of justice. Speaking of Una (who, of course, hadn't actually done anything wrong), she's stuck with the horrible Archimago, who has decided he wants She is dead, and the baby in her lap is playing with the blood dripping from her chest and into the stream. The narrator warns young knights like the Redcross Knight of how they can be led astray by people like Duessa (who is still disguised as a fair lady named Fidessa). They enter the House of Pride, a grand castle built on a flimsy foundation. They see famous figures from Greek and Roman mythology, like Sisyphus (who Free summary and analysis of Book 1: Canto 2 in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene that won't make you snore. Free summary and analysis of Book 3, Canto 10 in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene that won't make you snore. : Book I, Canto I. Of course, the well only rejuvenates him, heals his wounds, and increases his power. i. He wants to honor Queen Elizabeth by modeling her rule in the character of Gloriana (the Faerie Queene) and her chastity in the character of Belphoebe. Sexual assault is commonplace, so Faerie Land suffers from what a contemporary person could call “rape culture. Poor Redcrosse. D:) five books. Duessa's pleas spare Red Cross's life, but he is thrown into the giant's dungeon, and Duessa becomes the giant's lover. 5 Florimell flees and Arthur pursues her unsuccessfully. The messenger is thrown into a dungeon and Una and the Redcross Knight are bound to each other with secret vows and rites, and the celebrations continue. (approx. The dwarf manages to escape, and finding Una back down the road, explains the situation. She holds a bright mirror that she often uses to look at herself. This study guide for Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene offers summary and analysis on themes, symbols, and other literary devices found in the text. Ignaro doesn’t answer Arthur’s questions about the keys, so at last, Arthur just takes them. However, the Redcross Knight must keep his Arthur is on a quest of his own. Amoretta expresses fear at man’s love and a growing discomfort at traveling with this stranger (as Britomart is still disguising her femininity). The wizard Busyrane kidnapped Amoretta on her wedding day, so her marriage to Scudamour remains unconsummated. The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser | Part-2 | Book-1, Canto-1 | বাংলা লেকচার | Bengali LecturePart-1: https://www. As Friendship requires a relationship with another, this virtue is symbolized by a good friend to another knight, rather than just by a single knight on a quest. A woman in fair clothes named Excess is holding a cup of gold that she offers to Guyon to taste. The Faerie Queene is a long poem written in the Spenserian stanza (“The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser, 1590”). Canto i begins by praising Chastity, "That fairest vertue, farre above the rest (III. The two knights are searching for the Faerie Queene to A summary of Book I: Cantos vi, vii & viii in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene. youtube. After his first failure with the knight, Archimago changes tactics, this time having his evil spirits pose as Una and a young man in a delicate position and summoning the Red Cross Knight to watch. At this time, Spenser published the first _____of The Faerie Queene. Arthur’s mysterious origins are consistent with how he’s portrayed in other stories. The giant emerges, followed by Duessa riding a fantastic seven headed beast. Book 1, Canto 4. Artegall is one of these heroes, and he's been called on by the Faerie Queene to help a lady named Eirena free her land from the cruel power of a tyrant called Grantorto. Guyon, Arthur, and Arthur’s squire Timias encounter a knight whom they do not recognize. They travel a long time and have many adventures until one day they see a knight riding with a lion on his At the end of the first day, Red Cross is tossed, quite wounded, into the Well of Life. A knight, identified only by the red cross on his shield, accompanies an unnamed lady (later revealed to be Una) across a plain. The three continue on until a maiden comes streaking out of the woods past them followed by a rugged forester intent on rape. The Faerie Queene Book 1, Canto 8 Summary. Although the Lion is tame toward the virtuous Una, he is merciless toward criminals. More summaries and resources for teaching or studying The Faerie Queene Cambell. To open Book I of The Faerie Queene is to encounter immediately the question of what kind of poem one is reading. Free summary and analysis of Book 1, Canto 11 in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene that won't make you snore. His Canto 9 story of loving the Faerie Queene expresses both the power and the danger of love. For example, on the way back from the castle, a knight saw Britomart and Amoretta riding together, and the knight made a challenge to try to claim Apr 5, 2024 · The Faerie Queene, one of the great long poems in the English language, written in the 16th century by Edmund Spenser. Eventually, news of the dragon reached the court of Gloriana the Faerie Queene. Meanwhile, Duessa, master of deceit, returns to the palace of Lucifera and is surprised to find Redcrosse gone. Of course, she is chaste, but she also desires true Christian love. The Faerie Queene is notable for its form: at over 36,000 lines and over 4,000 stanzas, [1] it is one of the longest poems in the English language; it is also the work in which Spenser A summary of Book I: Cantos xi & xii in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene. Guyon and the knight reconcile despite Guyon’s wounded pride. Guyon takes her cup, then he throws it on the ground. 1 page at 400 words per page) View a FREE sample. The beginning of Book III ties up the adventures of Book II, as Jul 20, 2022 · The Faerie Queene Book 1 Summary: Una, St. Explore Course Hero's library of literature materials, including documents and Q&A pairs. Book 1, Canto 8 Summary. " In the proem the poet laments how no living art can express the virtue of chastity. As the Redcross Knight travels, he comes across an impressive building that looks like it could be the house of a prince. George and the Dragon, though this doesn’t become clear until much later. The most basic reading of The Faerie Queene is an education in proper living for 16th 2) After Sir Walter Raleigh read through an early draft of The Faerie Queene, Spenser agreed to accompany Raleigh to court, where he was presented to Elizabeth I. The poem's themes, characters, and literary devices are explained in this summary and analysis of the first canto of Book I. Britomart, a woman in disguise as a male knight, represents Chastity; she must find her beloved and win his heart. 14, 2019. Arthur has been spending time at Alma ’s castle and has finally recovered from his battle wounds. Since Arthur is noble, however, love motivates him to noble acts. To this end, when Archimago meets the knight Guyon and his squire, Palmer, he tells them that a wicked knight has just recently attacked a virgin, intent on despoiling her. She goes after him, still in the disguise of Fidessa, and soon finds him resting by a fountain listening to the birds sing. To this end, he uses the examples of several noble knights to work through the various virtues, overcoming temptations and learning the proper behavior associated Troy, which is now just a name, was once upon a time a mighty city until one of its princes, named Paris, decided to steal a beautiful queen of Greece, one Helen. The trio travel onward to Mercilla's court, and on the way Samient tells them about Malengin, a wild man who likes to rob and kill travelers who pass through this part of the trail. Download now. First he complains about the fact every man wants to prolong his life when existence is so painful. Sir Guyon pulls the knife out and manages to treat the woman’s wounds. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Rising Action. When they get there, they hear a hideous roaring sound from the dragon. The Redcrosse Knight 's weakness in the face of despair reminds the poet humans need divine strength. As he's plotting and scheming away, he comes across a knight, handsome and honest-looking, but also Book 5, Canto 1 Summary Artegall is charged by the Faerie Queene to rescue Eirena, a damsel in distress, from the wicked Grantorto. Sir Guyon is in awe of the place but takes no delight from it. 6 Amoret is rescued by Arthur. Kees IJzerman. George, and the Dragon. Radigund regains her senses as Artegall leans over her, and she quickly subdues him in turn. As he begins the proem he calls on the Muses to help him describe the purity of antiquity. The two women tell Archimago all about how terrible Una is, and he sneakily follows her. The hero of Book III, the female warrior virgin, who represents Chastity. A summary of Book I: Cantos ix & x in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene. Una awakes alone and confused, but leaves Buy Study Guide. 4). He notes that out of all the virtues, which grow like flowers, perhaps none of them bloom as beautifully as courtesy. The Faerie Queene gives Artegall his quest: he must rescue Eirena from her captor, Grantorto. The narrator summarizes how Britomart saved Amoretta from Busirane and brought her back to Scudamore, adding some new details to the story. As one for knightly giusts and fierce encounters fitt. He promises to tell of the great battles and loves of knights and ladies. Beside them is the body of a smiling, handsome Knight. As such, the epic makes clear who the heroes and villains are, whom they represent, and what good behavior looks like. The narrator of the poem calls out to a muse, imitating the style of other famous and renowned poems like Virgil’s Aeneid and Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso. Calidore, or of Courtesy. Merlin told him that he was the heir of a king and would bring the light of truth. The Faerie Queene Summary and Analysis of Book 1 – HOLINESS. Told in six sections, or “books,” it’s a window into a lost world of chivalry, courtship, quests, and intrigue. Framed in Spenser's distinctive, opulent stanza and in some of the trappings of epic, Book One of Spenser's The Faerie Queene consists of a chivalric romance that has been made to a typical recipe--fierce warres and faithfull loves--but that has been "The Faerie Queene - Summary and Analysis: Book VI, Proem-Canto vi. " Say that five times fast. In this Blink, you’ll meet the likes of Redcrosse, who’s struggling to live up to The Faerie Queene Book 1, Canto 7 Summary. The house matron, a woman named Coelia, makes it her mission to help the poor and wretched. Spenser intended to write 12 books of the Faerie Queene, all in the classical epic style; Spenser notes that his structure follows those of Homer and Virgil. He has lessons from the daughters of Caelia's daughter give him lessons there. First, Fidelia instructs him in discipline and the gospel; then, Sperenza helps to prevent his sins from leading him once again into a The Faerie Queene Book 2, Canto 1 Summary. The narrator suggests that humans shouldn’t be vain because all their strength and bravery come directly from God. Many knights fought to force the dragon out of the capital, but they were unsuccessful. This portion does more for the overall book than it does for Guyon's quest for Temperance. The weather threatens to turn nasty, so the party seeks shelter in a nearby wood. Una is surprised to hear that Red Cross is alive and captured (she faints a few The Faerie Queene - Book 1, Canto 12 Summary & Analysis Edmund Spenser This Study Guide consists of approximately 147 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of The Faerie Queene. He has an enchanted shield that protects him with a red Christian cross on it. The Redcrosse Knight is still traveling with Fidessa, now revealed to be the sorceress Duessa. Book one is easily the most famous book in the Faerie Queene. Along the way, they see many horrific sights, such as the many-headed dog Cerberus and the fiery punishment of damned souls. 1 of 14. " The poem picks up where it left off at the end of Book II: following Sir Guyon (the hero of Book II) and Arthur. She has three daughters, Fidelia, Speranza, and Charissa, representing the three The narrator says that variety is what keeps him from getting bored as he continues through the long journey of the story he’s telling. The narrator announces that he’d like to write about Chastity, which he believes is the highest of the virtues. Seeking the Red Cross Knight, Una inquires about her protector, and is dismayed to hear that he was killed by a pagan knight. Lucifera, the queen of the house, sits with a dragon at her feet. In this video, we are discussing the magnum opus of Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene. This type of stanza has eight iambic pentameters and an alexandrine. Because only half of the poem was ever Summary. Cambell forms part of the postiive tetrad made up of himself, Triamond, his sister (and 1. Canto 1. The Faerie Queene Book 3, Canto 1 Summary. Addressing Queen Elizabeth I, again (get used to it), the narrator worries that people will accuse him of inventing all his stories about Faerie Land. Cambell and Triamond, the knights of The Faerie Queene. " The poet enjoys getting lost in Faery land so much that he loses track of his thoughts. The giant, perturbed by this noise, comes The two women unsuccessfully try to curse Una, and finally give up. On day two, he is able to wound the creature, but again is pushed back to splash into the mud where a sacred tree grows. And though the Faerie Queene arouses Arthur, she never loses her chastity, remaining a paragon of virtue. It is not only an Arthurian fairytale, but also retells the famous story of St. Una thinks of her parents, the King and Queen, who are still in their castle, captive to a dragon, and so she tells the Redcross Knight that they must ride in that direction. So, the rhyming scheme of this long poem is ababbcbcc (Mullan and Shrimpton). Next to them is the corpse of a dead knight. com/edit?o=U&video_id Una is cared for by this gentle satyr until they come upon an old man. Free summary and analysis of Book 1, Canto 12 in Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene that won't make you snore. Artegall fights with Radigund and puts her down. Spenser intended The Faerie Queene to be read primarily by young men desiring to learn better what virtues to cultivate in their lives. Having gained an understanding of her knight's weakness, Una takes Red Cross to the House of Holiness. Active Themes. She chides him for leaving her and soon they're friends again and The two talk, but are come upon by a giant Orgoglio. A:) three books. From this court rode the Redcross Knight, who The Faerie Queene: Book I: Canto XII Summary & Analysis. On their way home, Abessa and Corceca bump into none other than the evil Archimago, who has disguised himself as Redcrosse in order to find Una. When Guyon sees him, he freezes Edmund Spenser, Carol V. A knight in armor slays a dragon in a cave with the help of a lady and a dwarf. This history of Britain places Arthur into (read more from the Book 2, Canto 10 Summary) This section contains 215 words. The Faerie Queene - Download as a PDF or view online for free. She is a skilled fighter and strong of heart, with an amazing capacity for calm thought in troublesome circumstances. Artegall, the knight of Justice, must rescue the lady Eirene from an unjust bondage. Fierce warres and faithful loves shall moralize my song. " 11, and 12 in book 1, canto 1 of The Faerie Queene? Discuss any patterns, literary devices, or ambiguities in one selected The Faerie Queene - Book 4, Canto 1 Summary & Analysis Edmund Spenser This Study Guide consists of approximately 147 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of The Faerie Queene. 74. 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