Arduino attachinterrupt

Arduino attachinterrupt. For example, if you connect to pin 3, use digitalPinToInterrupt(3) as the first parameter to attachInterrupt(). The serial library uses interrupts as well, and even if The Arduino programming language Reference, organized into Functions, Variable and Constant, and Structure keywords. download a text editor like Notepad++ . Whether or not that makes much sense is a completely different story. The syntax looks like below. attachInterrupt ()函数是用于为Arduino开发板设置和执行ISR（中断服务程序）用的. Whether you Nov 13, 2020 · Hi all, I'm trying to figure out external interrupts and I'm having a couple of problems. To summarize: Timer0: Timer0 is a 8bit timer. get it here notepad-plus-plus. Der erste Parameter von attachInterrupt() ist die Interruptnummer. EIMSK (External Interrupt Mask Register) actually enables the interrupt. May 28, 2019 · Hey guys! I hope everybody is well. I am having issues with the attachInterrupt functionality, and was hoping somebody could help me by telling me what I am doing wrong. Arduino Uno では 2 個のピン (D2, D3) が割込みに利用できます。. Nov 25, 2015 · Did you mean main() or loop()? The answer is the same, you can attach an interrupt anywhere you want in your code. 気をつけてほしいのは、この関数はパラメータとしてピン番号ではなく割り込み番号を必要とする点です。. Jul 27, 2020 · Hello, As I learned that millis() doesn't increment inside an ISR, I figured out a way to detect short/long press with attachInterrupt. For example, digitalPinToInterrupt(4) on an Arduino UNO will not work, as interrupts are only supported on pins 2,3. The Arduino UNO board has a main microcontroller Atmega328p and another Atmega16U microcontroller acting as a USB-To-TTL (USB-UART) converter which enables us to send serial data using UART to the PC’s USB port. In the Arduino IDE, we use a function called attachInterrupt() to set an interrupt on a pin by pin basis. Timer Interrupts – Internal timer-generated interrupts, manipulated in software. search for the text "attachInterrupt" in the arduino install directory . Instead, set a flag and put the loop in the Arduino sketch’s loop ()-method. The Arduino SAMD21 boards with wireless protocol with LoRaWAN® network capability, with module as Murata CMWX1ZZABZ featured from MKR WAN 1310, can be combined with low power features to operate for an extensive period. pin: the Arduino pin number of the interrupt to disable. Reference > Language > Functions > External interrupts > Attachinterrupt attachInterrupt() [External Interrupts] Description Digital Pins With Interrupts The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. LOW to enable detection when the spindle is in the LOW state. Ask Question Asked 9 years ago. 通常、デジタルピンを割り込み番号に変換するには、digitalPinToInterrupt (pin)を利用する必要がある。. nickgammon April 29, 2015, 3:32am 4. With Jan 10, 2017 · A rising, falling, or low-level interrupt can be used to wake up a gadget (eg. Arduino External Interrupt Pins. const int Output_Pin = 2; Dec 20, 2016 · I think the best website describing in details how to use Arduino library for SPI communication is from Nick Gammon Gammon Forum : Electronics : Microprocessors : SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface - for Arduino Much work he's done explaining details of SPI functionality and providing many usable examples. In the Arduino world Timer0 is been used for the timer functions, like delay(), millis() and micros(). If you change Timer0 registers, this may influence the Arduino timer function. ) Thông số Step 1: Prescalers and the Compare Match Register. This Arduino sketch for the water flow sensor measures the water flow rate in units of a liter per hour and displays the measured value on the serial monitor of Arduino IDE. The Arduino Mega has an additional four: numbers 2 (pin 21), 3 3 days ago · interrupt: the number of the interrupt to disable (see attachInterrupt () for more details). – attachInterrupt () Specifies a function to call when an external interrupt occurs. 3 days ago · volatile is a keyword known as a variable qualifier, it is usually used before the datatype of a variable, to modify the way in which the compiler and subsequent program treat the variable. com/yt/brincandocomideias----- Mar 18, 2022 · The syntax to initialize an interrupt is as follows: attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(pin), ISR, mode) Copy. The pin denotes the GPIO associated with the pin which will cause an interrupt to occur. 5 days ago · Interrupts allow certain important tasks to happen in the background and are enabled by default. I have two buttons, A and B. Some functions will not work while interrupts are disabled, and incoming communication may be ignored. Maximum is 32256 bytes. May 2, 2024 · The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. B. Viewed 6k times 8 I got some code from a student of Sep 20, 2022 · O Arduino tem duas funções para lidar com interrupções externas, attachInterrupt () e a digitalPinToInterrupt (), e são usadas da seguinte forma: Primeiro, se deve colocar o pino que será usado no modo INPUT – no Arduino Uno só dois pinos podem ser usados como interrupção externa, o pino 2 e 3. So you should know what you are doing. Arduino Mega2560 では 6 個 (D2, D3, D18, D19, D20 สอนใช้งาน Arduino คำสั่ง Interruptคำสั่ง Interrupt ใน Arduino คือ การขัดจังหวะ คำสั่งนี้มีประโยชน์มาก โดยเมื่อ Arduino ได้รับสัญญาณ Interrupt แจ้งเข้า Aug 3, 2018 · To set an interrupt in the Arduino IDE, you use the attachInterrupt() function, that accepts as arguments: the GPIO pin, the name of the function to be executed, and mode: attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(GPIO), function, mode); GPIO Interrupt. Por exemplo, se você usar o pino 3, passe digitalPinToInterrupt(3) como o primeiro parâmetro de attachInterrupt() 의 첫 매개변수는 인터럽트 번호다. CHANGE. Back to top. Such individuals like Nick pin: the pin used as external wakeup. But I need help finding a way to stop this "timer" in the falling edge, because it doesn't stop and after some short presses it detects it as a คำสั่ง attachInterrupt() เป็นคำสั่งกำหนด และสร้างอินเตอร์รัพท์ โดยมีรูปแบบการใช้งานดังนี้. altium. Declaring a variable volatile is a directive to the compiler. NOTE: pinMode() MUST be called prior to calling attachInterrupt () to set the desired mode for the interrupt pin (INPUT, INPUT_PULLUP or INPUT_PULLDOWN). All Arduino UNO digital pins can be used as interrupt pins using the PCINT (Pin Change Interrupts) hardware. Oct 4, 2018 · ISR has following syntax attachInterrupt (digitalPinToInterrupt (pin), ISR, mode) in Arduino and the same can also be used in STM32 as we use arduino IDE to upload code. É recomendado usar digitalPinToInterrupt(pino) para converter o número do pino digital para o número específico da interrupção. An interrupt handler is like any other void function. รูปแบบคำสั่ง attachInterrupt(interrupt, ISR, mode) Apr 29, 2015 · When your handler returns, the registers are restored, and interrupts are re-enabled. Adicionalmente colocar un pulsador en el PIN2 de Arduino y configurarlo para ser activado por interrupción , teniendo en consideración el rebote Jun 9, 2018 · Jet Blue. Apr 18, 2015 · Using Arduino Project Guidance. auf Pin 3 verbinden willst, benutze digitalPinToInterrupt(3) als ersten Parameter für attachInterrupt(). Step1: Open CubeMX & Create New Project. That high priority processing is called an Interrupt Handler. Normally you should use digitalPinToInterrupt(pin) to translate the actual digital pin to the specific interrupt number. 보드 Pinos Digitais com Interrupções. But here i need to receive a complete char. This is not a dedicated interrupt signal source unlike the dedicated external interrupt pints (INT0/INT1). Finally, do not use Serial. Interrupts can slightly disrupt the timing of code, however, and may be disabled for particularly critical sections of code. Oct 15, 2012 · attachInterrupt() - Arduino Reference. Normally you should use digitalPinToInterrupt (pin) to translate the actual digital pin to the specific interrupt number. When the program first runs, it counts starting at 0 until I press button A (interrupt). Sep 12, 2019 · Arduino Code for Idle Sleep Mode: LowPower. When you use attachInterrupt, your code is not directly called. RTCZero - attachInterrupt() - Arduino Reference Language Nov 8, 2016 · 1: Any logical change on INT0 generates an interrupt request (CHANGE interrupt). The Arduino comes with three timers known as Timer0 Signal Input/Output. Digital Pins Usable For Interrupts. CHANGE to activate the detection when the state of the Jun 17, 2017 · I imagine this has something to do with the boards reset function which is the first priority for interrupts. attachInterrupt(GPIOPin, ISR, Mode); This function accepts three arguments: GPIOPin – sets the GPIO pin as the interrupt pin, which tells ESP32 which pin to monitor. May 4, 2024 · The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. com The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. Instead its address is saved in an array, and this is executed The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. Mar 21, 2018 · Once the object is taken away by a claw, the conveyor belt turns back on. Jul 19, 2020 · Ahoi! 🙂 I'm working on a project controlling standard dc motors via a photoelectic sensor with a lm393 and an encoder disc. Jun 13, 2018 · attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(interruptPin), blink, CHANGE); The attachInterrupt() function has three parameters: first is the interrupt pin converted to Interrupt using the digitalPinToInterrupt() function, second is the isr function named blink, and last is the mode which describes when the interrupt is triggered. The Uno has three timers called timer0, timer1, and timer2. I am creating a class to calculate the angle of the encoder. Apr 4, 2020 · El primer parámetro para attachInterrupt() es un número de interrupción. Muốn dùng ngắt bạn phải gắn nút nhấn hoặc cảm biến vào Arduino PCINT Pins. 其 API 如下, 具有三個參數 : 其中第一個參數是呼叫 digitalPinToInterrupt () 函數並傳入數位腳編號, 也可以不呼叫此函數直接傳入腳位編號 (不建議); 第二個參數是自訂 Dec 14, 2022 · In the Arduino world Timer0 is been used for the timer functions, like delay(), millis() and micros(). Cada placa tem pinos diferentes para ESP32 Timer Interrupt – Arduino Code Example. ISR – is the name of the function that attachinterrupt arduino – Ejemplo ISR Encender y apagar un LED con un retardo de 3 segundos dentro del Loop, con el objetivo de poner a realizar una tarea de consumo de tiempo dentro del Arduino. Just to recap - our setting of attachInterrupt attachInterrupt() 의 첫 매개변수는 인터럽트 번호다. 보드 Editable source for the Arduino Reference. He will also need to declare the method outside the attachinterrupt. O primeiro parâmetro de attachInterrupt() é o número da interrupção. /*YF- S201 water Flow sensor code for Arduino */. 1. Feb 4, 2013 · In the Arduino firmware, all timers were configured to a 1kHz frequency and interrupts are generally enabled. Be sure to use good enough PULL_UP resistor (4. I connect the sensor to digital pin 2 and attach an interrupt via attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(2), sensor1Pulse, FALLING); sensor1Pulse() just increases or decreases an integer according to a +1, or -1 rotation variable. Giới thiệu. Normally you should use digitalPinToInterrupt(pin) to translate the actual digita Apr 20, 2015 · Arduino AttachInterrupt() seems to run twice. I tried with Sep 22, 2016 · Hi all, Sorry if this question was already asked and answered, I googled but couldn't find anything that helps me on my way. – jsotola. See full list on nerdytechy. The attachInterrupt() function takes in three arguments: digitalPinToInterrupt(pin): This is a function which takes in the GPIO pin of the ESP32 board as a parameter inside it. * Pin_Interrupt_Test. With pin, the pin used, ISR, the function to activate when the event is detected and mode, the detection mode used. Modified 2 years, 11 months ago. 中断服务程序对监测 May 10, 2022 · The Arduino Uno supports three types of interrupts: Hardware Interrupts – External interrupt signals on specific pins. Ngoài ra, cú pháp này chỉ hoạt động trên Bo mạch Arduino SAMD, Uno WiFi Rev2, Due và 101. . it will find all files that contain that word . 例えば、3番ピンを利用するときには、digitalPinToInterrupt (3)を、attachInterrupt ()の1番目の引数に指定する Dec 1, 2014 · Subscribe. ATTINY85) cannot react to a FALLING (edge trigger) interrupt when in power down sleep mode whereas an ATMEGA328P can. May 5, 2024 · The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. Pin Change Interrupts – External interrupts on any pin, grouped into ports. If you write one and attach it to an interrupt, it will get called whenever that interrupt Dec 4, 2020 · Giải thích các thông số trong attachInterrupt (): interrupt: Số thứ tự của ngắt. mode: the transitions to sense on the indicated pin. Im Normalfall solltest du digitalPinToInterrupt(pin) benutzen, um die tatsächlichen Digitalpins auf die Interruptnummer umzuwandeln. The syntax of attachInterrupt () function is as follows. Feb 15, 2022 · 💡 Conheça o software para desenhar Placas de Circuito Impresso, mais popular do mundo!https://www. In STM32F103C8 we also have interrupt pins any GPIO 3 days ago · The digitalPinToInterrupt() function takes a pin as an argument, and returns the same pin if it can be used as an interrupt. この変換は煩雑なので Arduino Code. Another time the distinction between LOW and FALLING can be important is when the interrupt is used to wake the MCU from a sleep mode. 103 2. However, when I upload, the stepper motor is unresponsive and ultrasensor doesnt detect anything. So first download and install the library from the given link and use the above code to put the Arduino in Idle Sleep Mode. i am not getting how to do Nov 4, 2014 · Just trying to check his intent some i don't see where/how he is trying to pull that variable and that is what the compiler is upset about. PinChangeInterrupts are different than normal Interrupts. Pin-change interrupts could be used to wake the processor if a key is pressed on a keypad, or similar. The Mega 2560 is capable of 6 external interrupts, which are 0-5 on pins 2, 3, 21, 20, 19, 18 respectively. See attachInterrupt () for a full list of supported interrupt pins on all boards. An interrupt is a signal that tells the processor to immediately stop what it is doing and handle some high priority processing. La placa Arduino Zero le permite agregar una función de interrupción en todos los pines disponibles, excepto para el pin 4. TOUT is desired to be 50ms. AttachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt (pin), ISR, mode) (khuyến nghị) AttachInterrupt(interrupt, ISR, mode) (không được khuyến nghị) AttachInterrupt (pin, ISR, mode) (Không được khuyến nghị. 예를 들어, 핀 3에 연결하면, digitalPinToInterrupt(3) 를 attachInterrupt() 에 대한 첫번째 매개변수로 쓰세요. A very short intro: I am in a little project where we will be attaching some trivial stuff to an Arduino (Uno), connecting the Arduino to In this example project, we’ll establish serial communication between Arduino & PC using the UART serial port. you can then use it to search for text in folders (directories) . Replaces any previous function that was attached to the interrupt. Use this test program with debounce. Regards, Ray L. The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. At the moment I am working with and ESP32 and i am using the Arduino-IDE to program it. Step2: Choose The Target MCU & Double-Click Its Name. For your purposes, your handler is simply a void function with no arguments. For that you’ll have to modify the 3rd parameter of the attachInterrupt () function: RISING: Interrupt will be triggered when the signal goes from LOW to HIGH. Apr 10, 2016 · The same way you'd debounce any button. Mar 9, 2022 · These might take too long to complete, which will delay all other interrupts and code execution. ここでは Arduino のスケッチでの ハードウェア割込み (hardware interrupt) の利用方法について説明します。. Learn to use Hardware, Pin Change and Timer Interrupts with the Arduino Uno. Author: NicoHood. paulfryer April 25, 2020, 2:42pm 6. Wanted to know how much help he needs to fiddle with it. 3V. /*. However I cannot seem to find these last 4 pins. Mặc định, Arduino luôn bật các ngắt nên trong phần setup (), bạn không cần gọi hàm này để bật các ngắt. idle(SLEEP_8S, ADC_OFF, TIMER2_OFF, TIMER1_OFF, TIMER0_OFF, SPI_OFF, USART0_OFF, TWI_OFF); There is a library for setting various low power modes in arduino. We will discuss these in detail in a bit, but for now, let’s Jan 4, 2024 · attachInterrupt ()の1番目の引数は割り込み番号である。. Apr 25, 2020 · 6v6gt April 25, 2020, 7:59am 5. com/interruptsMore articles and tuto 说明. to check the time or temperature). org. Same great work he's done regarding other comm protocols too. Hello! I am in the process of making an RC craft, and have successfully used a Mega 2560, with pins 2 and 3 for interrupts. My problem is that I am trying to implement a library for the encoder. ino. 3 days ago · The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. May 3, 2024 · The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. 일반적으로 digitalPinToInterrupt(pin) 을 써서 실제 디지털 핀을 특정 인터럽트 번호로 변환해야 한다. You can easily notice that every IO pin in the Arduino UNO pinout diagram has a PCINTx label. The compiler is software which translates your C/C++ code into the machine code, which are the Oct 2, 2021 · Hello guys, I am relatively new to the arduino IDE so please don't be to harsh if it is an obvious mistake. Aug 6, 2019 · attachInterrupt() Function. Aug 12, 2015 · The Arduino Uno supports four interrupt modes: * RISING, which activates an interrupt on a rising edge of the interrupt pin, * FALLING, which activates on a falling edge, * CHANGE, which responds to any change in the interrupt pin's value, * LOW, which triggers any time the pin is a digital low. // put your setup code here, to run once: attachInterrupt( 1, reset, RISING ); // put your main code here, to run repeatedly: Sketch uses 654 bytes (2%) of program storage space. Each of the timers has a counter that is incremented on each tick of the timer's clock. They differ from one Arduino board to another, so here is a summarized table for the external interrupt pins available in each Arduino board. 割り込みと ISR. But those checked for digital HIGH/LOW pin. Hàm interrupts () sẽ bật toàn bộ các ngắt đã được cài đặt attachInterrupt (interrupt, function, mode) Specifies a function to call when an external interrupt occurs. After the set commands are executed, the program resumes again from the same position. Nếu bạn chưa biết Ngắt (interrupt) là gì, vui lòng tham khảo thêm tại bài attachInterrupt (). Board. La placa Arduino Due tiene potentes capacidades de interrupción que le permiten agregar una función de interrupción en todo pines disponibles. The Arduino programming language Reference, organized into Functions, Variable and Constant, and Structure keywords. For the interrupt I found attachInterrupt(25 Oct 8, 2015 · The idea:: I want to display a time counter on the LCD that represents the time between interrupts. callback: the function to call on wakeup. PinChangeInterrupt library with a resource friendly implementation (API and LowLevel). CTC timer interrupts are triggered when the counter reaches a specified value, stored in the compare match register. For my main program I have a single LED fading in and out. Can be one between: FALLING. I am trying to generate an interrupt whenever a button is pressed, so that i make sure the button is read in even if i my loop would take a long time. Notes. Here, it’s set to The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. But you can choose exactly what you want to monitor. To generate a periodic interrupt every 50ms, we need to set the timer’s prescaler value and the alarm register’s value (TimerTicks) as well. 2: The falling edge of INT0 generates an interrupt request (FALLING interrupt). Let it be A8 pin for example! ( The LED Pin) Step4: Click On The Pin You Want To Configure As An External Interrupt Input. See readme for more information. attachInterrupt(1,turnStepperOff Arduino日本語リファレンス. Pressing button A prints a message ("registered an interrupt") on the LCD. I also tried with RISING. Timer1: Timer1 is a 16bit timer. To set an interrupt in the Arduino IDE, you use the attachInterrupt() function, that accepts as arguments: the GPIO interrupt pin, the name of the function to be executed, and mode: attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(GPIO), ISR, mode); GPIO interrupt pin. if you press a button on it), or a "watchdog timer" interrupt might wake it up periodically (eg. The APB_CLK has a default value of 80MHz. The first argument is a GPIO number. digitalPinToInterrupt (pin): Like in Arduino board Uno we have pins 2,3 & in mega we have 2,3,18,19,20,21 for interrupts. Timer interrupts in Arduino pause the sequential execution of a program loop () function for a predefined number of seconds (timed intervals) to execute a different set of commands. It is really simple I use the rising and the falling edge, and then calculate the time spent between the two ISRs. The problem is that I use attach interrupt method which requires the ISR to be static function, I need to pass an instance Sep 18, 2015 · attachInterrupt(pin_no,ISR_func,Condition) // say attachInterrupt(2,routine,HIGH) detachInterrupt(2); i have seen codes uses these method. Some MCUs (e. Wenn du z. Article with code: https://dronebotworkshop. g. Trên Arduino Uno, bạn có 2 ngắt với số thứ tự là 0 và 1. attachInterrupt() 의 첫 매개변수는 인터럽트 번호다. First and foremost, I must admit that I am a newbie to C++ so any kind of help I will highly appreciate. Welcome to our in-depth tutorial on using the attachInterrupt function with Arduino, focusing on a simple example involving a single push button. Therefore, we need to recall the ESP32 Timer’s equation. Por exemplo, se você usar o pino 3, passe digitalPinToInterrupt(3) como o primeiro parâmetro de Mar 26, 2024 · There is a special function called attachInterrupt () in Arduino, using which you configure the External Interrupts. Most Arduino boards have two external interrupts: numbers 0 (on digital pin 2) and 1 (on digital pin 3). Feb 18, 2022 · I tested on Nano_RP2040_Connect using ArduinoCore-mbed core and attachInterrupt() is working OK as expected. print () statements inside an ISR, and don’t attempt to read serial input in an ISR. 보드 Arduino interrupts are triggered when there is a change in the digital signal you want to monitor. The first argument is a GPIO interrupt. I attach an interrupt to A. 5 days ago · The first parameter to attachInterrupt() is an interrupt number. Puede especificar directamente el número de pines en attachInterrupt (). . The TRIG and ECHO pins of the sensor is connected to 2 and 3 respectively to generate interrupts through the following. Contribute to arduino/reference-en development by creating an account on GitHub. Arduino Timer Interrupts. Step3: Click On The Pin You Want To Configure As An Output & Select Output Option. 7K-10K) from the pin to +3. たとえば、Unoのピン2は割り込み番号0 (int0)ですから、2ではなく0が正しいパラメータです。. STM32 CubeMX Configurations. External interrupt pins in Arduino UNO are IO pin2 & pin3. When the sensor gets a shock it jumps out of the main loop Jun 10, 2014 · attachInterrupt(P1, ISR1, FALLING); attachInterrupt(P2, ISR1, FALLING); The attachInterrupt function takes an interrupt number, not a pin number. In the Arduino world the Servo library uses Timer1 on Arduino Uno (Timer5 on Arduino Mega). On the UNO they are 0 and 1. A simple & compact PinChangeInterrupt library for Arduino. D2 は割込み番号が 0 で、D3 は 1 です。. Normalmente debe usar digitalPinToInterrupt(pin) para traducir el pin digital real al número de interrupción específico. La siguiente tabla muestra 2 days ago · The digitalPinToInterrupt() function takes a pin as an argument, and returns the same pin if it can be used as an interrupt. There are tons of tutorials around. RISING. P2 IS a pin number (as a #define). Ngắt số 0 nối với chân digital số 2 và ngắt số 1 nối với chân digital số 3. If you want help more specific to your particular code then you'll have to show the rest of it otherwise there isn't much that we can do. For example, if you connect to pin 3, use digitalPinToInterrupt (3) as the first parameter to attachInterrupt. Sep 12, 2016 · 這些特定數位接腳的外部硬體中斷功能預設是關閉的, 必須使用 attachInterrupt () 函數予以設定並啟用. attachInterrupt (digitalPinToInterrupt (pin), ISR, mode); There are two other syntaxes of this function but this one is recommended by the Arduino reference guide. 3: The rising edge of INT0 generates an interrupt request (RISING interrupt). ISR（中断服务程序）顾名思义就是中断Arduino当前正在处理的事情而优先去执行中断服务程序。. Pinos Digitais com Interrupções. system April 18, 2015, 7:28pm 1. Por ejemplo, si te conectas al pin 3, úsalo digitalPinToInterrupt(3) como primer parámetro para attachInterrupt(). 当中断服务程序完成以后，再回来继续执行刚才执行的事情。. 4 days ago · The first parameter to attachInterrupt is an interrupt number. I have a shock sensor for the interrupt on pin 3, and when it reads HIGH, it should go into the interrupt function, start a motor for a few seconds, then jump back into the main loop. For example, Arm Cortex-M0 32-bit SAMD21 processor based Arduino boards can take advantage of low-power features. fc od ks ri jj vb uw yk qc go