Klipper z offset calibration. Run the CALCULATE_SWITCH_OFFSET.

245. May 16, 2022 · George May 16, 2022, 3:14pm 2. The BLTouch consistancy test gives a range of 0. 5mm and SSG-5H: 0. Oct 20, 2023 · Calibrating the Z-Offset is a completely different thing, as it determines the distance between the probe’s tip and the nozzle to obtain the first layer height. Bed Calibration Guide; P. I previously had Marlin so I know my z-offset is -1. This is highly frustrating. Adjusting bed leveling screws¶ I can't figure out the z offset. Neither of which were anywhere close to my manual paper test of 1. 344. Oct 1, 2019 · do a probe_calibrate with paper test and save_config after accept to store a z-offset G28; do a level on all corners using the SCREW_TILT_CALCULATE. This appears to be the right way to make this work. I did the Z_endstop_calibrate, I did the probe_calibrate. clearance: 2 #position_min: default from "stepper_z:position_min" section. My [probe] section is correct, according to the guides: If I start a print, the nozzle is too high (~0. Manually set z offset in printer. Navigate to the OctoPrint "Terminal" tab and issue a PROBE command Please note, the PROBE_CALIBRATE command uses the speed variable to move in XY direction as well as Z. It is possible to change any variable in the printer from If no argument for OFFSET is provided the current offset is displayed. The "z_calibration:switch_offset" is the aforementioned offset from the switch body (which is the probed position) to the actual trigger point above it. If offset and gauge are the same, you'll get there. Z_offset is the distance between tip of the nozzle and the probe on z axe. SURFACE (default: current surface) - Bed surface. cfg and relocated into an included . cfg file b. D. so i thought lets run probe_calibrate within the command pallet of the fluidd ui. A normal homing of all axes using the z endstop for Z (this is not part of this plugin). 7 MB) Describe your issue: So I’m starting to level using the probe z-offset. Not sure what's going on? Any good docs or videos on z-offset, level, tram, etc, etc? Thanks The Z endstop calibration process can be performed with the printer (both hot end and build surface) either hot or cold. cfg Do not attempt any test prints before successfully performing Step 1 (Z Offset Calibration). Running stock board on Ender 3 Pro. It's good to do this by using GCodes, because the offset is applied as GCode-Offset. BLTouch as probe - the sensor to check the distance between endstop and bed to calc the offset; QUAD_GANTRY_LEVEL or Z_TILT used (the plugin checks if qgl or z-tilt is applied to ensure gantry and bed are parallel for correct values) Mar 25, 2023 · z_offsetの調整. 000 and max=1. I have modified my V400 with a E3D Revo hotend and Bondtech extruder. Nov 29, 2023 · Basic Information: Printer Model: FLSUN V400 MCU / Printerboard: Robin Nano 2. with SET_GCODE_OFFSET Z=x . The main example given is for a fixed dock (X, Y, Z constant), with a Z endstop, with a few example macros. 2 mm gauge, your offset is . 7mm). Ran it again which changed it to 0. This is one point, why absolute offset values (of a calibration result) are not so This document serves as a guide to performing bed leveling in Klipper. Ensure that everything is tight in your toolhead and across your X extrusion, including the hotend, nozzle, and probe. Then Z axis will go down until it triggers the switch. Calibrate Z Offset Step 2. Both working great. 0 for calculations. Using the original wiring, the yellow wire from the triple is the control_pin and the white wire from the pair is the sensor_pin. That finally got really old, so I decided to do something about it and installed protoloft's klipper_z_calibration. Aug 4, 2023 · En este video veremos como calibrar el Z Offset en Klipper. Sineos April 8, 2022, 12:47pm 3. In same cases you will modify your z_offest (ex. 210 > max_deviation=1. Calibrating a Z endstop¶ An accurate Z endstop position is critical to obtaining high quality prints. Ran Probe Calibrate and the paper test from that ended up changing it to 0. If you use a 1mm gauge, the offset is 1mm. This document serves as a guide to performing bed leveling in Klipper. May 16, 2023 · Basic Information: Printer Model: ender 3 v2, bltouch MCU / Printerboard: 4. With a configured zero reference position, the mesh becomes Z=0 at this position. Le z_offset Dec 28, 2020 · Before starting with Z Offset calibration, please make sure the bed is level following the steps in this article. Z Offset Inconsistency. You need to set MOVE=1 and ADJUST_Z= in your call to SET_GCODE_OFFSET. Los comandos son:PROBE_CALIBRATE (Inductivo / BLTouch / Klicky / QuickDraw / Etc)Z_ENDSTOP_CALIB Apr 28, 2023 · Klipper plugin for self-calibrating z-offset. Further, should the printer then be commanded to a position of X50 The Klipper PROBE_CALIBRATE tool can be used to obtain this value - it will run an automatic probe to measure the probe's Z trigger position and then start a manual probe to obtain the nozzle Z height. Klipper delta bed mesh/ z height issues. The z_offset is the distance between the nozzle and bed when the probe triggers. I have done it a couple of times with the same results. klippy. cfg i set offset_margins: -3. The default is 50 mm/s. 000 in klicky-z-calibration. cfg Potential solutions Easy way to use klippers built in z offset script to set your z offset the safe way Please note, the PROBE_CALIBRATE command uses the speed variable to move in XY direction as well as Z. Klipper plugin for self-calibrating z-offset. Klipper is flat out ignoring my z_offset completed from probe_calibration. 683. Then you'll want to run probe_calibrate (in the console section of your front end) to adjust your actual z offset. Further, should the printer then be commanded to a position of X50 Apr 7, 2022 · whiskeyblacksmith April 8, 2022, 12:28pm 2. Basic Information: Printer Model: Flsun V400 customized with E3D Revo Micro + Bondtech LGX Klippy log: klippy (6). My printer (Voron 2. You switched accounts on another tab or window. The last bit involved quite a few checks and tweaks to z_offset done via the printer's display. Prior to Mesh Calibration you will need to be sure that your Probe's Z-Offset is calibrated. Run the CALCULATE_SWITCH_OFFSET. But the bed height changes with temp, so before every print I've been manually adjusting the Z offset. 7 MB) Describe your issue: after a months of running the printer fine i started to notice that the offset was a bit off. Klipper verifies that any move are between position_min (Default 0) and position_max (the physical limit of your axes) Edit for more clarity. Automatic Z-Offset Calibration. Dec 12, 2023 · Today I want to show you how to easily do z-offset without a piece of paper. 4 with Klicky probe (don't forget to include it in your klicky-probe. Note, though, the accuracy of the Z endstop switch itself can be a limiting factor. I was advised to run the 'PROBE_CALIBRATE' command which after the printer performs a probe and shows a measurement on screen, i then type 'ACCEPT', which states that 'Manual probe failed! Use TESTZ commands to possition the nozzle prior to running ACCEPT. Mar 22, 2023 · [z_calibration] #nozzle_xy_position: <X,Y position for clicking the nozzle on the z endstop - not needed if [safe_z_home] is used> switch_xy_offsets: 0,10 #<X,Y offsets from the nozzle position for clicking the probe's switch body on the z endstop> #bed_xy_position: <X,Y position for probing the bed, for instance the center point - not needed if mesh with relative_reference_index is used You signed in with another tab or window. Next we will send a probe calibrate command to tell the printer we want to calibrate the Z axis: PROBE_CALIBRATE Did a G28, Delta_calibrate, save_config. This is how Fluidd, Mainsail We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Apr 25, 2023 · To check this, the result of the calibration can be verified by GET_POSITION: Here, the Z position in "gcode base" reflects the calibrated z-offset. And I had a probe, without which it would have taken a lot longer. log (348. With the current setup, the nozzle sits much higher than original, extending the distance to the probe. G28; issue a BED_MESH_CLEAR; do a BED_MESH_CALIBRATE with 5,5 points 2 samples and SAVE_CONFIG; test print one layer to fine tune the z-offset. I. The [safe_z_home] tells Klipper to test the Z offset at the middle of my build plate. OFFSET - New Z offset for the given surface. I tried to calibrate the Z-offset using PROBE_CALIBRATE, but by using the TESTZ command, I cannot bring the nozzle far enough down. This is based on the instructions found at: Dec 3, 2019 · edited. 1 When measuring I get roughly 1mm Am I doing something wrong?! How Jul 31, 2022 · What I want to do is a routine like PROBE_CALIBRATE, where first it will be measured the zero with the probe against the other switch, then the extruder is moved by the offset of the probe so it will be in the same position of the probe. Thanks for watchingFeeler gauge (affiliate link):https://amzn. In my case on a Cartesian printer any inherent misalignment between the z extrusions, x gantry, and y gantry could cause Location Bias Check at the [safe_z_home] location and the probe measurement to be unreliable for z offset. speed: 300 # Speed (in mm/s) of the Z axis when lifting the probe between # samples and clearance moves. Now when I do an automatic z offset calibration, the probing works, after I set the correct Z height, accept and all gets stored. The offset can then be tested by slowly moving the nozzle to zero in several steps. cfg uploaded and have tried a benchy a few times. 0 klippy. I had to specifically offset the normal center (235/2=117) and add the x and y offsets. Z_OFFSET_APPLY_PROBE¶ Z_OFFSET_APPLY_PROBE: Take the current Z Gcode offset (aka, babystepping), and subtract if from the probe's z_offset. The gauge size does not matter. Each one of these parameters has a non-obvious and non-linear impact and it is Apr 30, 2022 · With Klipper properly configured and a mesh loaded, Klipper will maintain the distance between the nozzle and the bed using a gcode offset that matches the mesh. During this guide, it may be necessary to make changes to the Klipper config file. Z-Offset: When live adjusting the Z offset I hit save in mainsail and have two options, save to endstop or save to probe. This makes the bed surface work with Z offset adjustments made via any interface or client. I don't know which one to save to. This page is tailored to Voron printers. Please note, the PROBE_CALIBRATE command uses the speed variable to move in XY direction as well as Z. May 10, 2024. These settings control printer motion on a delta printer. These are offered as a convenience only and are thus unsupported. Configuration reference. I have two (almost) identical printers (Ender 3 Pro) running Klipper. Then you just need to write a macro in your config file to put the offset in for the Z height. The max_deviation is deprecated and is replaced by the offset_margins parameter which takes one value like the max_deviation or two values as min,max. If using an endstop for Z homing it will need to be calibrated as well. I g28, probe_calibrate, tests z= blah blah blah testing paper until it feels right than accept, save_config. This section provides a list of steps to help confirm the pin settings in the Klipper printer. 75mm too high. EZBoard V2 Klipper Flashing Guide – Video; Setting up 3rd Party Webcam support for Mainsail or Fluidd on Creality K1, K1 Max, or Ender 3 V3 KE; EZBoard Klipper Config Examples; EZABL Klipper Setup Guide; Printer Jan 12, 2020 · Hi @BoHoehne,. SKIP_MODEL_CREATION can be used to skip the scan mode model calibration step, and do only the z offset. Always be careful and double check everything when configuring or working with your printer. Install Klipper Kit Step 1. Hotend Calibration Guide; Marlin Gcode M115 – Display Firmware Version Info; Klipper Guides. The Klipper PROBE_CALIBRATE tool can be used to obtain this value - it will run an automatic probe to measure the probe's Z trigger position and then start a manual probe to obtain the nozzle Z height. 2mm) I use the “z_offset” buttons in mainsail front-end to adjust my z-offset. The probe z_offset will then be calculated from these measurements. Adjust your probe z offset by calling the probe_calibrate command from the Gcode terminal. Apr 25, 2023 · What It Does. Uses Contact to find zero and perform a BEACON_CALIBRATE routine automatically. cfg file. This document is a reference for options available in the Klipper config file. Only difference is one is DD, one is Bowden. 5) Restart the Klipper firmware. On one, I do the PROBE_CALIBRATE thing, do the TESTZ adjustments with a piece of paper, ACCEPT, SAVE_CONFIG and everything is fine - can home it, tell it to move Apr 25, 2023 · Klipper plugin for self-calibrating z-offset. I successfully setup a klipper rig before changing to an octopus board. It is recommended to set the z_offset to 0. This document describes how to use an eddy current inductive probe in Klipper. sliced and printed the delta calibration model. Changes to z_offset doesn’t require a new bed mesh. 1mm using a feeler gauge. May 7, 2023 · I come from Marlin, and I’m missing M81x, M301, M851, and M500. Calibrate Input Shaper Enjoy advanced 3d printing! a. Both have a BLTouch. Oct 15, 2018 · When trying to configure Klipper, it is "Unable to parse option 'z_offset' in section 'probe'". Save + restart Now travelling to Z 0. Move the nozzle to the center of the bed and perform a manual Z offset calibration by moving the nozzle down, step by step, until it barely touches the print surface. 008231 standard deviation. cfg to 1. Until now, I had as many printers defined in Cura than I have print heads (indexed quick change tools, DIY until recently, now Stealthburner) ; in the start gcode, I was calling user gcode macros (M810-M817 for eight heads), and these gcode macros were setting PID parameters and nozzle Z-offsets. # The moving speed in X and Y. Save the new value in the Probe z_offset too high after PROBE_CALIBRATE. Initial Startup Checks. Was delighted to find PROBE_CALIBRATE feature. Note: The SET_GCODE_OFFSET macro is overridden to update the offset for the active surface. You want to get the nozzle to zero, right on the bed. I'd actually be a bit lost if I had to go back, I switched early on in my 3D Printing learning! So I might be biased. Everything is now relative to this point. Configuration checks. 5mm. 👍 4 nimbo78, githubcasa, tdi66, and Wieni72 reacted with thumbs up emoji All reactions Jun 16, 2024 · The safe_z_home is now an absolute z position to move to. Sep 25, 2023 · February 6, 2023. Be sure to issue a RESTART command . This acts to take a frequently used babystepping value, and "make it permanent". Be sure to issue a RESTART command after every change to the config file to ensure that the change takes effect (type “restart” in Although, this extension works rock solid for me and many others for years now. The nozzle lowers to the requested height, and Oct 10, 2022 · z_offset: 2 # this will become commented out once you do the probe calibrate. I’ve run through probe_calibrate a few times and no matter what I do the first layer does not adhere because the nozzle is too high. 025 is outside the configured range of min=-1. All works, except z offset calibration. Delta calibration involves finding the tower endstop positions, tower angles, delta radius, and delta arm lengths. Afterwards you will save that info with save Sep 1, 2022 · When you “Adjust Live Z” (AKA Baby Stepping) with your klipper UI of choice the offset change is saved instantly to the sheet that is installed. So regardless of how high or low any point on the bed is relative to the endstop, the nozzle will maintain its height above the bed. L'outil Klipper PROBE_CALIBRATE peut être utilisé pour obtenir cette valeur - il exécutera un sondage automatique pour mesurer la position de déclenchement Z de la sonde, puis démarrera un sondage manuel pour obtenir la hauteur Z de la buse. Apr 28, 2023 · Offset is greater than allowed: offset=1. This is a plugin for self-calibration of the nozzle offset on a 3D printer using Klipper. It may damage the bed surface or even the hotend. Contribute to protoloft/klipper_z_calibration development by creating an Marlin calculates z-offset differently than Klipper so you will need to recalibrate it when changing to Klipper firmware. 1 mm gap, it expects movement from thermal expansion to take up that space. 2 mm. Currently, an eddy current probe can not be used for Z homing. z_offsetはきちんと計測していない仮値のためちゃんと調整します。 まずは仮にZ軸の限界移動量をマイナス方向に拡張します。 (Z軸設定が不完全なので、調整中にZ軸がマイナスの値を取る場合がありますが、拡張しないとロックがかかります） The Klipper PROBE_CALIBRATE tool can be used to obtain this value - it will run an automatic probe to measure the probe's Z trigger position and then start a manual probe to obtain the nozzle Z height. It computes always the correct offset independantly of the current temperature, used nozzle or used print bed or flex plate. P. Contribute to protoloft/klipper_z_calibration development by creating an account on GitHub. Klipper works a little differently, the z-offset is defined as " The distance (in mm) between the bed and the nozzle when the probe triggers. To get there you offset the nozzle height by the thickness of your feeler gauge, level, then reset the offset. This document describes the method for calibrating the X, Y, and Z offsets of an "automatic z probe" in Klipper. You might want to check: Le z_offset est la distance entre la buse et le lit lorsque la sonde se déclenche. I then removed the sensor, adjusted the height using a piece of paper, and pressed ACCEPT and SAVE when everything looked OK. Basic Configuration¶ Rectangular Beds¶ This document describes tools for calibrating a Z endstop and for performing adjustments to bed leveling screws. The z-offset calibration is started by: CALIBRATE_Z [NOZZLE_POSITION=<X mm, Y mm>] [SWITCH_POSITION=<X mm, Y mm>] [BED_POSITION=<X mm, Y mm>] [SWITCH_OFFSET=<offset>] The optional nozzle, switch and bed position parameter can be used to define a position by gcode or to use/test a different value. log (2. 68, I tried just setting that value in z_offset: in the [bltouch] section but klipper complains if that value is lower than 0. However, this is no longer enforced. 1. The sensor can only be used for Z probing. Add new Command CALCULATE_SWITCH_OFFSET for a manual estimation of the switch-offset. Make sure everything is tight, especially grub screws. So, a new homing would change the calibration because the homing is not as precise. Why does it not go lower? This document describes Klipper's automatic calibration system for "delta" style printers. cfg (6. Anything thats not a true “Adjust Live Z” call wont change the sheet’s z-offset value. Reload to refresh your session. Sineos: May 20, 2023 · Looking at the Z Calibration output, I thought I got it bang on, but when I send it to print, I get the following error: Offset -1. You need to configure these pins according to your wiring. (If your Z offset seems to vary between prints. See Probe Calibrate and Z_ENDSTOP_CALIBRATE in Manual Level for more information. I have my print. It did not look like there was a Klipper log file attached to this ticket. This document provides a list of steps to help confirm the pin settings in the Klipper printer. BEACON_POKE¶ BEACON_POKE [SPEED=<speed>] [BOTTOM=<z_bottom>] [TOP=<z_top>]: Apr 25, 2023 · Set the switch_offset to any value greater 0. some materials must be more squished then other) and keep the 准确的探针 z 偏移(z_offset)是高质量打印的基础。 z 偏移是探针触发时探针和喷嘴之间的高度差。 Klipper 中的 PROBE_CALIBRATE （探针校准）工具可用于测量这个值——首先，该工具会运行一次自动探测以获取探针的 z 触发位置，然后需要手动调整Z坐标以获取喷嘴碰触 Aug 21, 2023 · When using a bed mesh, it is recommended to configure it with a zero reference position which used to be the relative reference index ("bed_mesh:zero_reference_position" setting). It's important to understand the goal of bed leveling. Initial Calibration The Klipper PROBE_CALIBRATE tool can be used to obtain this value - it will run an automatic probe to measure the probe's Z trigger position and then start a manual probe to obtain the nozzle Z height. There is no need for a manual calibration of the z-offset or the first layer any more (although this is strongly recommended as a rough starting value). 4) has been working great for about 2 years. The printer. It’s doing the probe clicking, then lifts, I remove the probe and then I go down to 0. 2 printer. We have attempted to name them so that the printer is in the filename. position_min: -5 position_endstop: 0 position_max: 235. log (1. If the printer is commanded to a position X0 Y0 Z10 during a print, then the goal is for the printer's nozzle to be exactly 10mm from the printer's bed. Calibrate Z Offset (paper test). It’s been working great for I also have a z endstop. 0. I followed the instructions on GITHUB for calibrating the BLTouch Z offset using the paper test method and PROBE_CALIBRATE, but when I do a G1 Z0 after, the nozzle is 0. LOVING Klipper by the way. Run a CALIBRATE_Z. 2. Now we have a zero point in Z. This is useful for users that have a [probe] or [bltouch] section in their config file. Further, should the printer then be commanded to a position of X50 Prior to Mesh Calibration you will need to be sure that your Probe's Z-Offset is calibrated. You need to first make the sensor and put it as an input to your main board somewhere. Basic Configuration¶ Rectangular Beds¶ Switch Offset. So if you use a . 032500 and a 0. With this enabled, manual Z offset or first layer calibrations are needless. To calibrate the X and Y offset, navigate to the OctoPrint "Control" tab, home the printer, and then use the OctoPrint jogging buttons to move the head to a position near the center of the bed. 4 KB) Hi there, First time post, so hi and nice to meet you! I am fairly new to Klipper as I&hellip; Under the [stepper_z] section you need to add a definition for z-offset: so just add that under the stepperz section, then save and restart your firmware. cfg file in the internet to double check. While it is calibrated using a 0. Check printer. Here is a quick guide to tuning your X, Y, and Z Offset. The process is described here: Probe calibration - Klipper documentation. Start by declaring a probe_eddy_current config section in the printer. General Discussion. 8. Mar 26, 2023 · Here's what I've done: I ran the z_offset_calibration macro with the sensor plugged in, and it did palpation before lifting up and opening a window with manual adjustment parameters. ) Check your Z axis. The difference then it will be the Z-Offset with a Dec 25, 2022 · Then I researched for some examples of z_calibration. May 23, 2023 · When I first started with Klipper I had the following happen. A starting point for this value can be taken from the datasheet of the Omron switch (D2F-5: 0. 0 (for example: 0. Hook up the BL-Touch "servo" connector to a control_pin according to the BL-Touch documentation or your MCU documentation. g. Performed on my setup of Ender 3 Pro wi klipper_z_calibration not working correctly for me. But the very purpose of calibrating the z offset is to determine how high off the bed the nozzle is when the probe triggers. To calibrate the Z offset with Klipper and BLTouch, we first start by homing all axis: G28 #home all axis. 0 But the prompt still exceeds the range This document serves as a guide to performing bed leveling in Klipper. 300. but when running probe_calibrate it always result in a negative z-offset Mar 12, 2023 · Setting the Z Offset in Klipper doesn't have to be hard. created a bed mesh for PLA then adjusted my z offset some more manually while printing. The default is two times the z_offset from the probe's # configuration. Nov 7, 2023 · User contributed macros for various printers and configurations are shared in the klipper folder as well. The log file has been engineered to answer common questions the Klipper developers have about the software and its environment (software version, hardware type, configuration, event timing, and hundreds of other questions). 7 KB) klippy. Calibrate Pressure Advance Step 3. 000 HINT: z position_endstop=1. So, it's good to calibrate Z at this point. This is a catch-22. Bottom line - you have to do full delta_calibrate before bed_mesh_calibrate can work at all. When it's 1 mm from the bed, the nozzle refuses to go lower (it actually goes a bit lower, but then immediately goes back up again). Configuration reference ¶. Example klicky-z-calibration configuration for the Voron 2. AndreKR October 24, 2023, 12:38pm 5. See the installation document for information on setting up Klipper and choosing an initial config file. [stepper_z] z_offset: 0. Mesh is a “map” of your bed flatness in order to compensate the bumps. I like to Jan 16, 2022 · It means the head can move even past the endstop for the given distance, e. cfg file is from the above site. It is a good idea to run through these steps after following the steps in the installation document. Calibration will be performed at the machine's present X, Y coordinate. I am having difficulty saving 'Tuned' Z Offset settings. cfg) - klicky-z-calibration. 0,3. Place a piece of blue painters tape (or similar) on the bed underneath the probe. Ensure that your start g-code contains Sep 5, 2021 · #Klipper #3DprinterSetup #BedLevelingZ-offset tuning and bed mesh setup for Klipper firmware is covered in the video. Klipper is written with the assumption that the Z endstop calibration is performed cold. This document provides information on calibrating the nozzle's Z offset automatically. to/3RG6ZPU00:00 - S However, it's recommended to perform Z endstop positioning in software with Klipper - once the physical location of the endstop is in a convenient location, one can make any further adjustments by running Z_ENDSTOP_CALIBRATE or by manually updating the Z position_endstop in the configuration file. But the z offset keeps going # out even if I manually set it. Jan 20, 2024 · Nobody has been able to explain the exact process to get the z_offset setting to actually apply to future prints. log Thanks for the help Feb 13, 2023 · SAVE_CONFIG section ‘bltouch’ option ‘z_offset’ conflicts with included value Background This can happen when Klipper tries to update the z_offset after calibrating the bed and issuing the SAVE_CONFIG command Reasons The bltouch config section has been removed from printer. And as always, never leave unattended while printing! Klipper plugin for self-calibrating z-offset. 230 - offset=0. The descriptions in this document are formatted so that it is possible to cut-and-paste them into a printer config file. On Marlin, z-offset is simply a gcode offset that is applied to every gcode command. You signed out in another tab or window. However, when I started printing, the It can also be used with the automatic Z calibration klipper plugin to effectively calculate the Z offset from the probe and from the Z endstop if your printers supports a Z endstop triggered by the nozzle (like most Voron's do) Physical Z-Endstop - it is our reference point and is always Z 0. eligrad May 1, 2022, 8:01pm 5. ng fg uf dt nk dc ao yx ei wc